A fifth metatarsal fracture can occur in more than one place on the bone so it has acquired names for each specific area of the break: Avulsion fracture (includes psuedo-Jones fracture and tennis fracture), midshaft fracture and Jones fracture.
Avulsion fracture: This fracture is very common and called pseudo-Jones or tennis fractures. They are usually associated with a lateral ankle strain. It occurs at the attachment of the peroneus brevis tendon. The sprain can pull the tendon off with a piece of the bone.
Mid-shaft fracture: This usually occurs from a violent twist of the foot, but can also happen if a heavy object lands on the foot.
Jones fracture: This is a stress fracture caused from overuse. It is less common but more problematic. Because of overactivity, the bone gradually wears out and breaks. Displacement of this fracture tends to increase with continued weight bearing. Patients with this fracture often (35-50%) develop persistent non-unions requiring bone grafting and internal fixation.
Other names or similar foot conditions:
- Jones fracture
- Type I Jones fracture
- Pseudo-Jones or tennis fracture
- Avulsion, midshaft, stress fracture
Symptoms:
- Tenderness, swelling and redness at the fracture site
- For metatarsal fractures, pain evoked by flexion or extension of the toes
- Pain subsides when off feet and returns upon weight bearing
Signs to look for:
- Recent injury
- Tenderness, swelling and redness at the fracture site
- X-ray findings
Possible Causes:
- Repetitive high impact activities
- Osteoporosis
- Athletic activities where the foot repeatedly stops suddenly and pivots
Goals:
- Distribute weight evenly over entire foot
- Restore optimal arch function and motion
- Cushion impact of body weight on feet, legs and spine
- Restore flexibility to ankle and feet
How We Help:
Arch Supports:
- BioOrthotics exercising support with metatarsal lift
- Lower and thinner arch support with longitudinal and metatarsal support for use when shoes cannot accommodate the BioOrthotics exercising support
- For children, use scaphoid pads until they reach the size for the smallest prefabricated arch support
Shoes:
- Extra depth, double or triple depth shoe with high toe box, firm heel counter, rocker sole and connecting shank
- Smart footwear, such as heel to toe rockers, negative heel shoes or shoes with titanium springs
- Avoid flip-flops. Only wear sandals with a back and only the Orthaheel, Alegria or Aetrex brand
- Go barefoot on a minimal basis only
- Wear heels and pumps only as long as absolutely necessary
Activities:
- Reduction of high impact activities until symptoms recede and arch support and shoes are in place
- Regular stretching program before and after exercise
- Rotate weight bearing exercises, such as walking or jogging, with non-weight bearing exercising, such as swimming or bicycling
This information does not constitute a diagnosis of your condition and does not take the place of a doctor’s care. The information has been compiled from sources available to the general public and referenced below. Copyright 2007-2010 Carole Romig
Sources Image: med.umich.edu Text: med.umich.edu, e-radiography.net, emedicine.com